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''Twelfth Night'' is a 1933 American Pre-Code short color film, notable as the very earliest surviving film directed by Orson Welles, then aged 17. It is a recording of the dress rehearsal of Welles's own abridged production at his ''alma mater'', the Todd School for Boys, where he had returned to direct this adaptation of Shakespeare's ''Twelfth Night'' for the Chicago Drama Festival in 1933. The play won first prize at that year's festival, presented as part of the 1933 Chicago World's Fair, A Century of Progress Exposition. ==Production== After Orson Welles's return from Europe, his friend and former headmaster Roger Hill invited him to join the Todd faculty and co-direct the Todd School's production of ''Twelfth Night''. Using the edited version of the play that would appear in their book ''Everybody's Shakespeare'' (1934), Welles designed the costumes and conceived and created the set.〔Brady, Frank, ''Citizen Welles: A Biography of Orson Welles''. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1989 ISBN 0-385-26759-2〕 The production made use of Kenneth Macgowan's concept of having the stage as a giant open book, with the turning pages being changes of scenery, painted by Welles himself.〔Richard France, ''The Theatre of Orson Welles''. Lewisburg, Pennsylvania: Bucknell University Press, 1977. ISBN 0-8387-1972-4〕〔Jonathan Rosenbaum (ed.), Orson Welles and Peter Bogdanovich, ''This is Orson Welles'' (Da Capo Press, New York, rev. 1998 ed.)〕 Using a color motion picture camera loaned to him by Hill, Welles increased the lighting and filmed most of a dress rehearsal — his very first film.〔 Welles operated the camera himself, leaving it in a static position in the auditorium.〔 A silent film camera was used, but Welles later recorded an accompanying narration on a gramophone disc.〔Jean-Pierre Berthomé and Francois Thomas, ''Orson Welles at Work'' (Phaidon, London, 2008) p.310〕 Hill suggested to Welles that he film the play, wrote biographer Frank Brady, who viewed the result firsthand: The print that I saw of Orson's ''Twelfth Night'' in Roger Hill's living room in Miami, a half-century later, was still perfectly preserved with rich color and quite professionally focused but without any camera movement, or pronounced flourishes or angles. It was simply shot from one point of view, perhaps from the middle of the tenth row of the theater: an amateur recording of the play on film rather than a piece of cinema.〔 The Todd School production of ''Twelfth Night'' received the silver cup from the Chicago Drama League〔 after competition at the Century of Progress Exposition in July–August 1933.〔"Amateur Dramatic Groups to Compete for Trophy at Fair". United Press, July 7; ''Ruston Daily Leader'', July 8, 1933, page 1. "Amateur dramatic groups from all sections of Metropolitan Chicago will compete this summer at Enchanted Island, World's Fair fairyland for children at A Century of Progress, for a silver cup to be awarded by the Chicago Drama League, Miss Anna Agress, director of the Children's Theatre on the Island, has announced. Twenty-four groups, ranging from Thespians of years' experience to child actors, are on the schedule. Although most of the program will be played during July and August, the contest opened several days ago with the Todd School for Boys, of Woodstock, Ill., presenting Shakespeare's ''Twelfth Night''. The Todd boys were the 1932 cup winners."〕 The cast included Hascy Tarbox as Sir Andrew Aguecheek and Roger Hill's daughter Joanne Hill as Viola.〔Tarbox, Todd, ''Orson Welles and Roger Hill: A Friendship in Three Acts''. Albany, Georgia: BearManor Media, 2013, ISBN 1-59393-260-X.〕 The play was presented at the English Village at the Chicago World's Fair.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Roger Hill’s daughter recalls Orson Welles at the Todd School for Boys in Woodstock, Illinois )〕 "A short film excerpt from it is still in the Hills' possession", wrote critic Richard France. "Unfortunately, Welles's original staging was not used, only his set. A small backdrop is completely covered with a bright stylized rendering of a London street."〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Twelfth Night (1933 film)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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